Balance Training in Osteoarthritis

Regarding balance exercises in OA, especially knee joint, Weight bearing increases compressive force in the joint at certain angles of the knee. Which specific proprioceptive exercise are helpful for OA knee, with or without modifications? Because recent literature says its always better to go for closed chain activity than open in OA knee patients (Escamilla, R.F., et al. 1998; Lutz, G.E., et al. 1993; Mao-Hsiung Huang, et al. 2003).

How to overcome the compressive forces which might increase the degeneration?

References:
1) Lutz, G.E., Palmitier, R.A., An, K.N., Chao, E.Y. Comparison of tibiofemoral joint forces during open kinetic chain and closed kinetic chain exercises. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery; 1993, 75, 732-739.

2) Escamilla, R.F., Flisig, G.S., Zheng, N., Barrentine, S.W., Wilk, K.E., Andrews, J.R. Biomechanics of the knee during closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercises. Medicine & Science in Sports & Science; 1998, 30, 556-559.

3) Mao-Hsiung Huang, Yueh-Shuang Lin, Rei-Cheng Yang, Chia-Ling Lee. A comparison of various therapeutic exercises on the functional status of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatology; 2003, 32, 398-406.

Do provide your views on this...

Sagar Naik
Website: Physio4all | is an ANGEL at work...
Physical Therapy Protocols | A Guide to SUCCESS... (Team Member)

hi sagar
to reduce the joint compression while doing close kinematic exercise,the land based exercises commonly used can be done in a hydrotherapy pool.the clinical applicability of this approach need to be considered