Open and closed chain kinetic exercises

[arniar]

Assuming that the second definition is right, what exactly is meant by the distal aspect of the extremity? For example, is seated hamstring curls an open or closed chain exercise? (there is no force through the foot)

[yelufem]

I think the text book wouldn't have been misleading .Any way,Close chain kinetic exersice are such carried out with the extremeties fixed with a non movable object,like squatting.I.e lower limb vs Gym floor.Open chain are such done with the extremeties free to move with or without resistance .eg Quard setting.
So close chain delivers static musscular contraction and increase myocardiac oxy expenditure compare to open chain if the emphacy is on the upper limb.yelufem