Muscle transfer: definitely not worth it. The procedure itself can introduce new problems. Risk is higher than benefit.
I am not aware of any good clinical evidence to support prolotherapy. It doesn't sound like the kind of thing that would help your condition.
I would suggest regular heat and massage to minimise the effect of compensatory effort.
When your muscles are already overloading, strengthening it is probably not the best idea, because it puts even more stress onto it. I usually go the other way, reduce loading, modify how you use your arms a little, and maybe avoid certain activity that you find most aggravate your problem. When you feel the overall condition is under control, only then try to strengthen it, but the emphasis should be on the balance of force rather than pure strength. You need to pay a lot of attention on how you use your arms to work that out.