Hi,

Thanks for your comments asha.

My point about the electro machines not working is that when you design a study, it is more likely to be of a higher quality for electrotherapy because you can blind the therapist.

That is, the therapist doesn't actually know whether the machine is working or not and so that level of bias is taken out of the equation.

Therefore, if there is equivocal research on the use of electrotherapy, then it is stronger evidence that it may not work that for manual therapy simply because the research design is different. Because Electro studies can be DOUBLE BLINDED (MT cannot be for reasons discussed earlier), it is more rigorous evidence that is works or not works.

Obviously in the clinic, you would test your equipment and make sure it is working before using it!

I hope that helps!