Suggest working in your passing techniques for now. Learn to push the ball with force rather than 'walking' the ball. This will get the whole quads and inner thighs working together to create a stronger movement.

Contact speed/force as your foot hits the ball perhaps depends as much on hamstring strength just before that contact (in opposition to the speed of the quads). This is true in most movements, the muscles on the opposite site (antagonists) work to slow down the prime movers e.g. quads, on the way to kicking the ball in order to protect the knee joint from hyper-extending. The stronger the hamstrings are in that activity of slowing down the quads speed the later in the range they can kick in. Therefore you would end up with more speed/force at ball strike for the same initial force generated by the quads.

In return the above means you can put less quads force into a kick with strong eccentric hamstring strength and get the same result. This is also very applicable to sports like golf where ball contact speed is important (and so is protection of the back). Ask your coach for activities for work on your passing and build your skiils for a biut during this growth phase. The coach will understand.